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The Ephedra monosperma belongs to Ephedraceae (the Ephedra family). It is an evergreen shrub that is distributed in northern to western China, Mongolia, Pakistan, Russia, and Kazakhstan. It grows on rocky gravel in dry mountainous areas and grows to a height of about 15 cm. The woody stems are short and well branched, crawling on the ground. The leaves are small, triangular, opposite, and about half of them are attached to the stem. In Mongolia, it is used as a folk medicine for mouth ulcers and digestive disorders. Its Chinese name is "単子麻黄" (dan zi ma huang).
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