いちいがし (一位樫) [Index] [Back] わが国の本州、関東地方南部以西の太平洋側から四国・九州、それに台湾や済州島、中国に分布しています。山地に生え、高さは３０メートルほどになります。樹皮は黒褐色から灰黒色で、薄片となって剥がれます。葉は革質の倒披針形で互生し、上半部には鋭い鋸歯があります。裏面には黄褐色の星状毛が密生します。４月から５月ごろ、直立する雌花序と下垂する雄花序をだします。果実は直径１０〜１３ミリの堅果で、秋に熟します。堅果には渋みがなく、食用になります。台湾華語では「赤皮」、中国語では「赤皮青岡（chi pi qing gang）」と呼ばれます。 韓国語では「ケガシナム（개가시나무）」です。これは「犬（ケ: 개）」＋「どんぐり（カシ: 가시）」＋「木（ナム: 나무）」の合成語です。接頭辞の「ケ」と「どんぐり」を意味する済州方言「カシ」が組み合わさってできたものと推定されます。 ブナ科コナラ属の常緑高木で、学名は Quercus gilva (syn. Cyclobalanopsis gilva)。英名はありません。 The "Ichii-gashi" (Quercus gilva) belongs to Fagaceae (the Beech family). It is a tall evergreen tree that is distributed form south Kanto district of Honshu west to Shikoku, Kyushu of Japan, as well as Taiwan, Jeju-do and China. This tree grows in broad-leaved evergreen forests in mountains and can reach about 30 m in height. Barks are blackish-brown to grayish-black, and peel thinly. Leaves are oblanceolate, alternate and leathery with acute toothed edges at upper harf of blades. Reverse of the leaves are covered with yellowish-brown hairs. Erect female inflorescences and drooping male inflorescences are born in axiles from April to May. Fruits are nuts 10-13 mm in diameter, ripen in fall. These nuts haven't an astringent taste, and edible. In Taiwanese Chinese, it is called "赤皮" , and "赤皮青岡" (chi pi qing gang) in Chinese. In Korean, it's called "gae-ga-si-na-mu" (개가시나무). This is a compound word consisting of "dog" (gae: 개) + "acorn" (ga-si: 가시) + "tree" (na-mu: 나무). It is believed to have been formed by combining the prefix "gae-" with the Jeju dialect word "ga-si", which means "acorn". 奈良市春日野町「奈良公園」にて、2007年01月04日撮影。 Shu Suehiro shu@botanic.jp