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The Indian barberry (Berberis asiatica) belongs to Berberidaceae (the Berberry family). It is a small evergreen tree that is distributed from the Himalayas to northern India, Bangladesh, and Burma. It grows in mountainous regions, reaching a height of 2 to 4 m. The branches bear sharp spines formed from modified leaves. The leaves are obovate to round, hard and leathery, with spine-like serrations at the tips. The upper surface of the leaves is dark green, while the underside has a whitish tinge. From March to May, it produces yellow flowers in a short umbel. The fruit is an ovoid or nearly spherical berry, initially red, later turning black with a purplish powdery coating.
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