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わが国の各地をはじめ、南千島やサハリン、朝鮮半島、中国に分布しています。山地の日陰に生え、高さは20〜30センチになります。茎は直立して、上部にツヤのある楕円形の葉が十字対生します。4月から5月ごろ、穂状花序を伸ばして白い花を咲かせます。花弁はなく、白く見えるのは長く伸びた雄しべです。和名は、源義経の側室、静御前のすがたに喩えたもの。中国名では「銀線草(yin xian cao)」。
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センリョウ科チャラン属の多年草で、学名は Chloranthus japonicus。英名はありません。
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"Hitori-shizuka" (Chloranthus japonicus) belongs to Myrsinaceae (the Myrsine family). It is a perennial herb that is distributed to Japan, the southern Kuril Islands, Sakhalin, the Korean Peninsula and China. This herb grows in montane shade places and can reach 20-30 cm in height. The stem is erect, the leaves are glossy, elliptic and decussate. The spikes are borne and bloom white flowers from April to May. The flower is non-petaled and has white elongated stamens. Its Japanese name is a metaphor for the figure of Shizuka Gozen, the wife of Minamoto no Yoshitsune (1159-1184). The Chinese name is "銀線草" (yin xian cao).
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[上・中1〜2・中4] 群馬県高山村中山にて、2009年04月26日撮影。 [中3] 長野県松本市内田「牛伏寺」にて、2005年05月21日撮影。 [中5・中6] 茨城県北茨城市「六角堂」にて、2013年04月14日撮影。 [中7〜中9] 福島県川俣町「花塚山」にて、2014年05月17日撮影。 [中10〜中12] 山形県南陽市元中山にて、2016年04月23日撮影。 [中13・中14] 山形県南陽市金山にて、2016年04月23日撮影。 [中15〜中17] 福島県新地町「鹿狼山」にて、2020年04月21日撮影。 [中18] 宮城県山元町「深山」にて、2020年05月01日撮影。 [中19・中20] 宮城県仙台市太白区坪沼にて、2020年05月07日撮影。 [中21] 宮城県仙台市青葉区「蕃山」にて、2021年04月11日撮影。 [中22〜中24] 同上にて、2021年04月13日撮影。 [中25〜中27] 宮城県川崎町支倉「釜房山」にて、2021年04月21日撮影。 [中28・中29] 宮城県気仙沼市「徳仙丈山」にて、2021年05月16日撮影。 [中30・中31] 宮城県大和町「七ツ森」にて、2022年05月02日撮影。 [下] 長野県佐久市根岸にて、2023年05月03日撮影。(photo by Masako Kobayashi)
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