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The "Hiroha-tama-mizuki" (Ilex macrocarpa) belongs to Aquifoliaceae (the Holly family). It is a small deciduous tree that is found on Amami Oshima Island in Japan's Nansei Islands and in south-central China. It grows in mountain forests and valleys, and can reach a height of 5 to 10 m. It is dioecious. The leaves are elliptic to ovate in shape, with sharp serrations along the edges, and are arranged alternately. In April and May, it produces small white flowers in inflorescences at the leaf axils at the tips of the branches. The male flowers are about 5 mm in diameter, and the female flowers are about 1 cm in diameter. The berries are about 1 cm in diameter and are initially red, but turn blackish purple when ripe. It is listed as CR (Critically Endangered) on the Red List of the Ministry of the Environment. In Chinese, it is called "大果冬青" (da guo dong qing).
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