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The "Hyuga-kan-aoi" (Asarum sp.) belongs to Aristolochiaceae (the Birthwort family). It is an evergreen perennial herb that is distributed only in Kyushu, from southern Miyazaki to Kagoshima prefectures. It grows under forests in mountainous areas and is 5 to 10 cm tall. The leaves are ovate-triangular to ovate and highly variable with plain green, cloud crests and mesh crests. It produces inconspicuous dark purple-brown flowers at the base of the plant from November to February. The calyx tube is short and tubular without a bracket, and the calyx lobes are ovate-triangular. The number of individuals in its native habitat is small, and it is classified as an endangered species on the Red List of Threatened Species. According to joint research by Dr. Yudai Okuyama of the National Museum of Nature and Science, the "Hyuga-kan-aoi" and "Toimisaki-kan-aoi" diverged about 4.5 million years ago as a result of their migratory dispersal during the evolutionary history of the "Kan-aoi". This species is considered to be an independent species, but is still undescribed.
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