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The Pinyon pine (Pinus edulis) belongs to Pinaceae (the Pine family). It is a small evergreen tree that is widely distributed in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. It grows in mountainous areas and can reach a height of 3 to 6 m. Its growth rate is very slow, and even under favorable conditions, it is said to grow only about 1.8 m in 100 years. The bark is irregularly furrowed and scaly. The leaves are needle-like, 3-5.5 cm long, green, and borne in clusters of two. The fruit is a spherical cone, 3-5 cm long, green at first, ripening to a yellowish purple after 18-20 months. The large seeds have long been an important food source for Native Americans in the Southwest.nbsp;
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