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The Gambel oak (Quercus gambelii) belongs to Fagaceae (the Beech family). It is a tall deciduous tree that is distributed from the western part of the United States to the northwestern part of Mexico. It grows on rocky ground in mountains and hills, and its height varies greatly depending on the habitat. It is usually between 3 and 9 m tall, but can grow up to 30 m tall, and in marginal areas where it is heavily damaged by grazing animals, it can only grow to about 1 m. The bark is rough and grayish brown. The leaves are 5 to 15 cm long and deeply lobed. There are 7 to 11 lobes. The leaves turn orange or yellow in fall. The fruit is an acorn with a cupule that is almost half the length of the acorn, and it ripens in fall, changing from green to golden. The specific epithet is named after the American naturalist William Gambel (1821-1849).
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