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The Thunber's spice bush (Lindera erythrocarpa) belongs to Lauraceae (the Laurel family). It is a semi-tall deciduous tree that is distributed from Kanagawa Prefecture of Honshu westward to Shikoku and Kyushu in Japan, as well as Taiwan, the Korean Peninsula, and central and southern China. It grows on mountains and hills and grows 5 to 15 m high. The bark is light brown with small lenticels that peel off irregularly as it ages. The Japanese name is said to have been derived from the "fawn pattern" of the bark, which is a variation of the Japanese word "Kanoko-ki" (fawn tree). The leaves are oblanceolate, 5-15 cm long, and have entire margins. The plant is dioecious, and around April to May, it produces umbels of pale yellowish-green flowers in the axils of its leaves. The berries are berries that ripen to red from September to October. It is called "鐵釘樹" in Taiwanese and "紅果山胡椒" (hong guo shan hu jiao) in Chinese.
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