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The Barbed-stalk rhododendron (Rhododendron barbatum) belongs to Ericaceae (the Azalea family). It is a small evergreen tree that is distributed throughout most of the Himalayan mountain range. It grows in forests and shrublands at elevations of 2400 to 3700 m, reaching heights of 2 to 8 m. A characteristic feature of older trees is the peeling of smooth, glossy bark, revealing a reddish-purple hue. The leaves are oblong to obovate-oblong, leathery, and have margins that curve outward. The underside is white-green. Leaf stalks have long glandular bristles, giving them a barbed appearance. From May to June, it produces an umbel at the stem tips, bearing deep crimson to blood-red flowers. The corolla is tubular-bell-shaped and fleshy. It is called "硬刺杜鵑" (ying ci du juan) in Chinese.
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