じょうろうほととぎす (上臈杜鵑) [Index] [Back] わが国の固有種で、四国の太平洋側に分布しています。山地の湿った岩場や崖に生え、茎の長さは４０〜１００センチになります。茎は弓なりに垂れ下がります。葉は幅広い披針形で、基部の片側だけが耳状になるのが特徴です。１０月ごろ、茎の上部の葉腋に、黄色い釣り鐘形の花を咲かせます。花被片の内側には赤紫色の斑点が多数あります。本種は、牧野富太郎博士が高知県の横倉山で発見したものです。和名は、この優雅な花を、平安時代の宮中に奉仕する貴婦人「上臈（じょうろう）」に見立てたもの。  ユリ科ホトトギス属の多年草で、学名は Tricyrtis macrantha。英名はありません。  The "Jourou-hototogisu" (Tricyrtis macrantha) belongs to Liliaceae (the Lily family). It is a perennial herb that is a species endemic to Japan, and is found on the Pacific side of Shikoku. It grows in damp rocky areas and on cliffs in mountainous regions, and its stems are 40 to 100 cm long. The stems droop in a bow shape. The leaves are broadly lanceolate, and the characteristic feature is that only one side of the base forms an auricle. In October, yellow bell-shaped flowers bloom in the leaf axils at the top of the stems. There are many reddish-purple spots on the inside of the perianth segments. This species was discovered by Dr. Tomitaro Makino on Mt. Yokogura, Kochi Prefecture. The Japanese name for this plant is based on the elegant appearance of the flowers, which are likened to the court ladies who served at the imperial court during the Heian period (794-1185).  宮城県仙台市太白区「仙台市野草園」にて、2024年11月10日撮影。  Shu Suehiro shu@botanic.jp