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The Elephant garlic (Allium ampeloprasum var. ampeloprasum) belongs to Liliaceae (the Lily family). It is a perennial that is named "garlic" because of the shape of its bulbs, but it is a different species from garlic and is a variety of "leek". The tall, solid flower stalks and broad, flat leaves are similar to those of leek, but it produces large bulbs similar to those of garlic. Ripe bulbs weigh 200 to 800 grams. The scales have a fragrance similar to that of garlic, but milder and less pungent, and are used in soups and salads. There is also "odorless garlic", a member of the same family that has even less of a "garlic" smell. In Japan, it is grown mainly in Kagoshima and Kagawa prefectures. Characteristically, small bulbils form on the outside of the larger bulb. When these bulbils are planted, they become non-flowering plants in the first year and produce bulbs composed of a single scale. The following year, this single scale splits to form multiple scales.
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