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The Three-leaved turpinia (Turpinia ternata) elongs to the family Staphyleaceae. It is a semi-tall evergreen tree that is distributed in the southwestern part of Kochi Prefecture in Shikoku, Kyushu, the Ryukyu Islands in Japan, and Taiwan. It grows in evergreen forests in mountainous areas, and is usually 3 to 4 m tall, sometimes reaching 10 m. The bark is dark brown and splits vertically. The leaves are usually trifoliate, with the leaflets being oblong, leathery and shiny, with shallow blunt serrations on the edges. In May or June, it produces small white flowers in panicles at the top of one year branches. The fruit is a broad elliptic berry that ripens red around November. The Japanese name comes from the fact that when the branches are cut in early spring, a large amount of stinky sap comes out of the cut. In Taiwanese, it is called "三葉山香圓".
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