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The Wild lettuce (Lactuca virosa) belongs to Asteraceae (the Aster family). It is a biennia herb that is distributed from Europe to North West Africa and the Madeira Islands. It grows in wastelands, along roads and in ditches, and can reach a height of around 2 m. The lower part of the stem often has thorns and is often tinged brown. The leaves are grayish green, oblong-lanceolate, and have thorns along the edges and along the midrib on the underside. The base of the leaf also enfolds the stem. From May to October, light yellow flower heads bloom in a cyme at the top of the stem. The flower heads are 3 to 4 cm in diameter. Because it has a mild analgesic and calming effect, it was used by doctors in Europe in the 19th century when opium was not available.
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